path: root/src/demorec.c

/*
 * Copyright © 2021 Willian Henrique <wsimanbrazil@yahoo.com.br>
 * Copyright © 2022 Michael Smith <mikesmiffy128@gmail.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
 * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
 * AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
 * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
 * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "bitbuf.h"
#include "con_.h"
#include "demorec.h"
#include "engineapi.h"
#include "gamedata.h"
#include "gameinfo.h"
#include "hook.h"
#include "intdefs.h"
#include "mem.h"
#include "os.h"
#include "ppmagic.h"
#include "vcall.h"
#include "x86.h"

DEF_CVAR(sst_autorecord, "Continuously record demos even after reconnecting", 1,
		CON_ARCHIVE | CON_HIDDEN)

static void *demorecorder;
static int *demonum;
static bool *recording;
static bool wantstop = false;

#define SIGNONSTATE_NEW 3
#define SIGNONSTATE_SPAWN 5
#define SIGNONSTATE_FULL 6

typedef void (*VCALLCONV SetSignonState_func)(void *, int);
static SetSignonState_func orig_SetSignonState;
static void VCALLCONV hook_SetSignonState(void *this_, int state) {
	struct CDemoRecorder *this = this_;
	// NEW fires once every map or save load, but only bumps number if demo file
	// was left open (i.e. every transition). bump it unconditionally instead!
	if (state == SIGNONSTATE_NEW) {
		int oldnum = *demonum;
		orig_SetSignonState(this, state);
		*demonum = oldnum + 1;
		return;
	}
	// dumb hack: demo file gets opened on FULL. bumping the number on NEW would
	// make the first demo number 2 so we set the number to 0 in the record
	// command. however if we started recording already in-map we need to bodge
	// it back up to 1 right before the demo actually gets created
	if (state == SIGNONSTATE_FULL && *demonum == 0) *demonum = 1;
	orig_SetSignonState(this, state);
}

typedef void (*VCALLCONV StopRecording_func)(void *);
static StopRecording_func orig_StopRecording;
static void VCALLCONV hook_StopRecording(void *this) {
	// This can be called any number of times in a row, generally twice per load
	// and once per explicit disconnect. Each time the engine sets demonum to 0
	// and recording to false.
	bool wasrecording = *recording;
	int lastnum = *demonum;
	orig_StopRecording(this);
	// If the user didn't specifically request the stop, tell the engine to
	// start recording again as soon as it can.
	if (wasrecording && !wantstop && con_getvari(sst_autorecord)) {
		*recording = true;
		*demonum = lastnum;
	}
}

static struct con_cmd *cmd_record, *cmd_stop;
static con_cmdcb orig_record_cb, orig_stop_cb;

static void hook_record_cb(const struct con_cmdargs *args) {
	bool was = *recording;
	if (!was && args->argc == 2 || args->argc == 3) {
		// safety check: make sure a directory exists, otherwise recording
		// silently fails. this is necessarily TOCTOU, but in practice it's
		// way better than not doing it - just to have a sanity check.
		const char *arg = args->argv[1];
		const char *lastslash = 0;
		for (const char *p = arg; *p; ++p) {
#ifdef _WIN32
			if (*p == '/' || *p == '\\') lastslash = p;
#else
			if (*p == '/') lastslash = p;
#endif
		}
		if (lastslash) {
			int argdirlen = lastslash - arg;
			int gdlen = os_strlen(gameinfo_gamedir);
			if (gdlen + 1 + argdirlen < PATH_MAX) { // if not, too bad
				os_char dir[PATH_MAX], *q = dir;
				memcpy(q, gameinfo_gamedir, gdlen * sizeof(gameinfo_gamedir));
				q += gdlen;
				*q++ = OS_LIT('/');
				// ascii->wtf16 (probably turns into memcpy() on linux)
				for (const char *p = arg; p - arg < argdirlen; ++p, ++q) {
					*q = (uchar)*p;
				}
				q[argdirlen] = OS_LIT('\0');
				// this is pretty ugly. the error cases would be way tidier if
				// we could use open(O_DIRECTORY), but that's not a thing on
				// windows, of course.
				struct os_stat s;
				if (os_stat(dir, &s) == -1) {
					con_warn("ERROR: can't record demo: ");
					if (errno == ENOENT) {
						con_warn("subdirectory %.*s doesn't exist\n",
								argdirlen, arg);
					}
					else {
						con_warn("%s\n", strerror(errno)); // guess this'll do.
					}
					return;
				}
				if (!S_ISDIR(s.st_mode)) {
					// duping this warning call to avoid duping the string data,
					// very stupid, oh well. if/when we have New And Improved
					// Logging this can be tidied up...
					con_warn("ERROR: can't record demo: ");
					con_warn("the path %.*s is not a directory\n",
							argdirlen, arg);
					return;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	orig_record_cb(args);
	if (!was && *recording) {
		*demonum = 0; // see SetSignonState comment above
		// For UX, make it more obvious we're recording, in particular when not
		// already in a map as the "recording to x.dem" won't come up yet.
		// mike: I think this is questionably necessary but I'm outvoted :)
		con_msg("Demo recording started\n");
	}
}

static void hook_stop_cb(const struct con_cmdargs *args) {
	wantstop = true;
	orig_stop_cb(args);
	wantstop = false;
}

// XXX: probably want some general foreach-instruction macro once we start doing
// this kind of hackery in multiple different places
#define NEXT_INSN(p) do { \
	int _len = x86_len(p); \
	if (_len == -1) { \
		con_warn("demorec: %s: unknown or invalid instruction\n", __func__); \
		return false; \
	} \
	(p) += _len; \
} while (0)

// This finds the "demorecorder" global variable (the engine-wide CDemoRecorder
// instance).
static inline bool find_demorecorder(struct con_cmd *cmd_stop) {
#ifdef _WIN32
	// The "stop" command calls the virtual function demorecorder.IsRecording(),
	// so just look for the load of the "this" pointer into ECX
	for (uchar *p = (uchar *)orig_stop_cb; p - (uchar *)orig_stop_cb < 32;) {
		if (p[0] == X86_MOVRMW && p[1] == X86_MODRM(0, 1, 5)) {
			void **indirect = mem_loadptr(p + 2);
			demorecorder = *indirect;
			return true;
		}
		NEXT_INSN(p);
	}
#else
#warning TODO(linux): implement linux equivalent (cdecl!)
#endif
	return false;
}

// This finds "m_bRecording" and "m_nDemoNumber" using the pointer to the
// original "StopRecording" demorecorder function.
static inline bool find_recmembers(void *stoprecording) {
#ifdef _WIN32
	for (uchar *p = (uchar *)stoprecording; p - (uchar *)stoprecording < 128;) {
		// m_nDemoNumber = 0 -> mov dword ptr [<reg> + off], 0
		// XXX: might end up wanting constants for the MRM field masks?
		if (p[0] == X86_MOVMIW && (p[1] & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
				mem_load32(p + 6) == 0) {
			demonum = mem_offset(demorecorder, mem_load32(p + 2));
		}
		// m_bRecording = false -> mov byte ptr [<reg> + off], 0
		else if (p[0] == X86_MOVMI8 && (p[1] & 0xC0) == 0x80 && p[6] == 0) {
			recording = mem_offset(demorecorder, mem_load32(p + 2));
		}
		if (recording && demonum) return true; // blegh
		NEXT_INSN(p);
	}
#else // linux is probably different here idk
#warning TODO(linux): implement linux equivalent (???)
#endif
	return false;
}

bool demorec_init(void) {
	if (!has_vtidx_StopRecording) {
		con_warn("demorec: missing gamedata entries for this engine\n");
		return false;
	}
	cmd_record = con_findcmd("record");
	if (!cmd_record) { // can *this* even happen? I hope not!
		con_warn("demorec: couldn't find \"record\" command\n");
		return false;
	}
	orig_record_cb = con_getcmdcb(cmd_record);
	cmd_stop = con_findcmd("stop");
	if (!cmd_stop) {
		con_warn("demorec: couldn't find \"stop\" command\n");
		return false;
	}
	orig_stop_cb = con_getcmdcb(cmd_stop);
	if (!find_demorecorder(cmd_stop)) {
		con_warn("demorec: couldn't find demo recorder instance\n");
		return false;
	}

	void **vtable = *(void ***)demorecorder;
	// XXX: 16 is totally arbitrary here! figure out proper bounds later
	if (!os_mprot(vtable, 16 * sizeof(void *), PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)) {
#ifdef _WIN32
		char err[128];
		OS_WINDOWS_ERROR(err);
#else
		const char *err = strerror(errno);
#endif
		con_warn("demorec: couldn't unprotect CDemoRecorder vtable: %s\n", err);
		return false;
	}
	if (!find_recmembers(vtable[vtidx_StopRecording])) {
		con_warn("demorec: couldn't find m_bRecording and m_nDemoNumber\n");
		return false;
	}

	orig_SetSignonState = (SetSignonState_func)hook_vtable(vtable,
			vtidx_SetSignonState, (void *)&hook_SetSignonState);
	orig_StopRecording = (StopRecording_func)hook_vtable(vtable,
			vtidx_StopRecording, (void *)&hook_StopRecording);

	orig_record_cb = cmd_record->cb; cmd_record->cb = &hook_record_cb;
	orig_stop_cb = cmd_stop->cb; cmd_stop->cb = &hook_stop_cb;

	sst_autorecord->base.flags &= ~CON_HIDDEN;
	return true;
}

void demorec_end(void) {
	// avoid dumb edge case if someone somehow records and immediately unloads
	if (*recording && *demonum == 0) *demonum = 1;
	void **vtable = *(void ***)demorecorder;
	unhook_vtable(vtable, vtidx_SetSignonState, (void *)orig_SetSignonState);
	unhook_vtable(vtable, vtidx_StopRecording, (void *)orig_StopRecording);
	cmd_record->cb = orig_record_cb;
	cmd_stop->cb = orig_stop_cb;
}

// custom data writing stuff is a separate feature, defined below. it we can't
// find WriteMessage, we can still probably do the auto recording stuff above

static int nbits_msgtype, nbits_datalen;

// The engine allows usermessages up to 255 bytes, we add 2 bytes of overhead,
// and then there's the leading bits before that too (see create_message)
static char bb_buf[DEMOREC_CUSTOM_MSG_MAX + 4];
static struct bitbuf bb = {
	bb_buf, sizeof(bb_buf), sizeof(bb_buf) * 8, 0, false, false, "SST"
};

static void create_message(struct bitbuf *msg, const void *buf, int len) {
	// The way we pack our custom demo data is via a user message packet with
	// type "HudText" - this causes the client to do a text lookup which will
	// simply silently fail on invalid keys. By making the first byte null
	// (creating an empty string), we get the rest of the packet to stick in
	// whatever other data we want.
	//
	// Notes from Uncrafted:
	// > But yeah the data you want to append is as follows:
	// > - 6 bits (5 bits in older versions) for the message type - should be 23
	// >   for user message
	bitbuf_appendbits(msg, 23, nbits_msgtype);
	// > - 1 byte for the user message type - should be 2 for HudText
	bitbuf_appendbyte(msg, 2);
	// > - ~~an int~~ 11 or 12 bits for the length of your data in bits,
	bitbuf_appendbits(msg, len * 8, nbits_datalen); // NOTE: assuming len <= 254
	// > - your data
	// [first the aforementioned null byte, plus an arbitrary marker byte to
	// avoid confusion when parsing the demo later...
	bitbuf_appendbyte(msg, 0);
	bitbuf_appendbyte(msg, 0xAC);
	// ... and then just the data itself]
	bitbuf_appendbuf(msg, buf, len);
	// Thanks Uncrafted, very cool!
}

typedef void (*VCALLCONV WriteMessages_func)(void *this, struct bitbuf *msg);
static WriteMessages_func WriteMessages = 0;

void demorec_writecustom(void *buf, int len) {
	create_message(&bb, buf, len);
	WriteMessages(demorecorder, &bb);
	bitbuf_reset(&bb);
}

// This finds the CDemoRecorder::WriteMessages() function, which takes a raw
// network packet, wraps it up in the appropriate demo framing format and writes
// it out to the demo file being recorded.
static bool find_WriteMessages(void) {
	// TODO(compat): probably rewrite this to just scan for a call instruction!
	const uchar *insns = (*(uchar ***)demorecorder)[vtidx_RecordPacket];
	// RecordPacket calls WriteMessages pretty much right away:
	// 56           push  esi
	// 57           push  edi
	// 8B F1        mov   esi,ecx
	// 8D BE        lea   edi,[esi + 0x68c]
	// 8C 06 00 00
	// 57           push  edi
	// E8           call  CDemoRecorder_WriteMessages
	// B0 EF FF FF
	// So we just double check the byte pattern...
	static const uchar bytes[] =
#ifdef _WIN32
		HEXBYTES(56, 57, 8B, F1, 8D, BE, 8C, 06, 00, 00, 57, E8);
#else
#warning This is possibly different on Linux too, have a look!
		{-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1};
#endif
	if (!memcmp(insns, bytes, sizeof(bytes))) {
		ssize off = mem_loadoffset(insns + sizeof(bytes));
		// ... and then offset is relative to the address of whatever is _after_
		// the call instruction... because x86.
		WriteMessages = (WriteMessages_func)(insns + sizeof(bytes) + 4 + off);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

bool demorec_custom_init(void) { 
	if (!has_vtidx_GetEngineBuildNumber || !has_vtidx_RecordPacket) {
		con_warn("demorec: custom: missing gamedata entries for this engine\n");
		return false;
	}

	// More UncraftedkNowledge:
	// > yeah okay so [the usermessage length is] 11 bits if the demo protocol
	// > is 11 or if the game is l4d2 and the network protocol is 2042.
	// > otherwise it's 12 bits
	// > there might be some other l4d2 versions where it's 11 but idk
	// So here we have to figure out the network protocol version!
	void *clientiface;
	uint buildnum;
	// TODO(compat): probably expose VEngineClient/VEngineServer some other way
	// if it's useful elsewhere later!?
	if (clientiface = factory_engine("VEngineClient013", 0)) {
		typedef uint (*VCALLCONV GetEngineBuildNumber_func)(void *this);
		buildnum = (*(GetEngineBuildNumber_func **)clientiface)[
				vtidx_GetEngineBuildNumber](clientiface);
	}
	// add support for other interfaces here:
	// else if (clientiface = factory_engine("VEngineClient0XX", 0)) {
	//     ...
	// }
	else {
		return false;
	}
	// condition is redundant until other GetEngineBuildNumber offsets are added
	// if (GAMETYPE_MATCHES(L4D2)) {
		nbits_msgtype = 6;
		// based on Some Code I Read, buildnum *should* be the protocol version,
		// however L4D2 returns the actual game version instead, because sure
		// why not. The only practical difference though is that the network
		// protocol froze after 2042, so we just have to do a >=. No big deal
		// really.
		if (buildnum >= 2042) nbits_datalen = 11; else nbits_datalen = 12;
	// }

	return find_WriteMessages();
}

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